NEW EYE TRACKING TECHNIQUES IMPROVE REALISM OF AIRCRAFT SIMULATORS Ess

NEW EYE TRACKING TECHNIQUES IMPROVE REALISM OF AIRCRAFT SIMULATORS A recreated flight condition for pilot preparing may soon be made progressively reasonable using eye-following innovation created by analysts at the University of Toronto's Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IMBE). Numerous wellbeing and money saving advantages are acquired via preparing airplane pilots under reenacted conditions, however to be powerful the reproduction must be convicingly reasonable. At present, th e preparing offices utilize huge arches and gimballed projectors, or a variety of video screens, to show PC produced pictures. Yet, these establishments are pricey and picture goals is low. Further, it would take a tremendous measure of addi to improve picture quality altogether all through the entire saw scene. Notwithstanding, in view of the visual properties of the eye, authenticity can be acquired by giving a high-goals 'territory of intrigue' embed inside an enormous, low-goals field of view. On the off chance that the picture producing PC 'knows' where the pilot's obsession is, it mage there. The innovation to make this potential was created by a research group headed by Professor Richard Frecker and Professor Moshe Eizenman. The work was completed as a team with CAE Electronics Ltd. of Montreal with money related help from the Regular Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Their eye-tracker can record and dissect precisely up to 500 eye positions for every second. The framework works by methods for catching and handling the impressions of a low-level pillar o f imperceptible infra-red light shone onto the eye. Multi-component exhibits catch the picture of the eye and digitize the data, which is then handled continuously by a quick, committed sign preparing unit. The distinction in position between the ligh tre of the understudy uncovers the prompt bearing of look. Improvements by the IBME group have essentially expanded the speed of sign preparing notwithstanding upgrading exactness of eye position gauges. Eizenman accepts that these enhancements make our eye-tracker extremely viable in checking the huge G-power condition where the pilot will in general make bigger eye developments as a result of contraints which exist on developments of his head. In another age of airplane test systems, under advancement by CAE Electronics Ltd. of Montreal, a head tracker which tells the bearing of the pilot's head is mounted on top of the head protector. The eye tracker is mounted on the facade of the head protector, and is ll precisely where the pilot's eye is focusing. Frecker said that fruitful coordination of our eye tracker into the novel head protector mounted CAE pilot training program would bring about another age of test systems that would likely supplant the current enormous arches and lumbering video show units. Introductory trial of the incorporated framework will be completed in a joint effort with CAE Electronics at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona in the not so distant future. New Eye Tracking Techniques Improve Realism Of Aircraft Simulators Ess New Eye Tracking Techniques Improve Realism of Aircraft Simulators A reenacted flight condition for pilot preparing may before long be made more reasonable using eye-following innovation created by specialists at the University of Toronto's Institute of Biomedical Building (IMBE). Numerous wellbeing and money saving advantages are acquired via preparing airplane pilots under mimicked conditions, yet to be viable the recreation must be convicingly sensible. At present, th e preparing offices utilize enormous arches what's more, gimballed projectors, or a variety of video screens, to show PC produced pictures. Be that as it may, these establishments are extravagant and picture goals is low. Further, it would take a colossal measure of addi to improve picture quality essentially all through the entire saw scene. In any case, in light of the visual properties of the eye, authenticity can be acquired by giving a high-goals 'region of intrigue' embed inside a enormous, low-goals field of view. In the event that the picture producing PC 'knows' where the pilot's obsession is, it mage there. The innovation to make this potential was created by an exploration group headed by Professor Richard Frecker and Professor Moshe Eizenman. The work was completed in a joint effort with CAE Electronics Ltd. of Montreal with money related help from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Chamber of Canada. Their eye-tracker can record and break down precisely up to 500 eye positions every second. The framework works by methods for catching and preparing the impressions of a low-level bar o f undetectable infra-red light shone onto the eye. Multi-component clusters catch the picture of the eye and digitize the data, which is then handled progressively by a quick, committed signal handling unit. The distinction in position between the ligh tre of the student uncovers the prompt heading of look. Advancements by the IBME group have altogether sped up signal handling notwithstanding upgrading precision of eye position gauges. Eizenman accepts that these enhancements make our eye-tracker extremely compelling in checking the enormous G-power condition where the pilot will in general make bigger eye developments due to contraints which exist on developments of his head. In another age of airplane test systems, a work in progress by CAE Hardware Ltd. of Montreal, a head tracker which tells the bearing of the pilot's head is mounted on the cap. The eye tracker is mounted on the facade of the cap, and is ll precisely where the pilot's eye is focusing. Frecker said that fruitful combination of our eye tracker into the novel cap mounted CAE pilot test program would bring about another age of test systems that would probably supplant the current enormous vaults and bulky video show units. Starting trial of the coordinated framework will be done in coordinated effort with CAE Electronics at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona not long from now. Contact: Moshe Eizenman (416)978-5523 Richard Frecker (416)978-2236 NEW EYE TRACKING TECHNIQUES IMPROVE REALISM OF AIRCRAFT SIMULATORS Ess NEW EYE TRACKING TECHNIQUES IMPROVE REALISM OF AIRCRAFT SIMULATORS NEW EYE TRACKING TECHNIQUES IMPROVE REALISM OF AIRCRAFT Test systems A mimicked flight condition for pilot preparing may soon be made progressively reasonable using eye-following innovation created by specialists at the University of Toronto's Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IMBE). Numerous security and money saving advantages are gotten via preparing airplane pilots under recreated conditions, however to be compelling the recreation must be convicingly reasonable. At present, th e preparing offices utilize huge vaults and gimballed projectors, or a variety of video screens, to show PC produced pictures. In any case, these establishments are over the top expensive and picture goals is low. Further, it would take a colossal measure of addi to improve picture quality fundamentally all through the entire saw scene. In any case, in view of the visual properties of the eye, authenticity can be acquired by giving a high-goals 'zone of intrigue' embed inside a huge, low-goals field of view. On the off chance that the picture producing PC 'knows' where the pilot's obsession is, it mage there. The innovation to make this potential was created by a research group headed by Professor Richard Frecker and Professor Moshe Eizenman. The work was completed in a joint effort with CAE Electronics Ltd. of Montreal with monetary help from the Normal Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Their eye-tracker can record and examine precisely up to 500 eye positions for each second. The framework works by methods for catching and handling the impressions of a low-level shaft o f imperceptible infra-red light shone onto the eye. Multi-component clusters catch the picture of the eye and digitize the data, which is then prepared progressively by a quick, committed sign preparing unit. The distinction in position between the ligh tre of the student uncovers the momentary course of look. Advancements by the IBME group have fundamentally expanded the speed of sign handling notwithstanding upgrading precision of eye position gauges. Eizenman accepts that these upgrades make our eye-tracker viable in checking the enormous G-power condition where the pilot will in general make bigger eye developments on account of contraints which exist on developments of his head. In another age of airplane test systems, under advancement by CAE Electronics Ltd. of Montreal, a head tracker which tells the bearing of the pilot's head is mounted on top of the head protector. The eye tracker is mounted on the facade of the cap, and is ll precisely where the pilot's eye is focusing. Frecker said that fruitful coordination of our eye tracker into the novel cap mounted CAE pilot training program would bring about another age of test systems that would likely supplant the current enormous arches and awkward video show units. Beginning trial of the incorporated framework will be done in a joint effort with CAE Electronics at Williams Air Force Base in Arizona in the not so distant future.

The Impact of ICT on Manufacturing :: ICT Essays

The Impact of ICT on Manufacturing Affirmations: This report has been finished with the assistance of my instructor, companion and clearly with the assistance of ICT* (Internet). I inquired about through the Internet and discovered numerous supportive destinations to finish my report. Web indexes, for example, www.google.com has helped me to discover the pertinent locales for my report. I utilized some data from http://www.thekjs.essex.sch.uk/yates/it08_-_9.htm to finish my report. There are likewise some different locales from which the data has been taken. I have likewise acquired* some data from the PC World magazine to find out about the diverse delicate products that are utilized in universe of assembling. Substance page - Outline: In this report I discovered the utilizations, points of interest and disservices of ICT. They are recorded underneath in their particular classes. I for the most part focused on the Manufacturing* area where the ICT is utilized broadly. I have discovered the various manners by which the Industries work now days. ICT has improved the correspondence innovation the manner in which the various organizations communicate with one another and with their regarded clients. ICT has carried the World to its feet. There is no spot where ICT is rarely utilized or not being utilized. I have discovered immense measure of data with the assistance of ICT to finish my report. I have discovered how organizations use ICT to fabricate the items in mass with less exertion and time squander. The exactness of every item made is actually the manner in which it was structured on the PC. I have found some delicate products, which help in the plan of the item and likewise produce them naturally. These are CAD/CAM* delicate products. I have finished up my report by saying that ICT has reformed the Assembling division. Terms of reference: This report I for the portfolio Unit 12 of the GNVQ course following the rules set somewhere near OCR. The cutoff time given to me for finishing this report was 31/01/2003 and I have overseen to adhere to that cutoff time. The general reason for my report is to make sure that I have met the prerequisites to accomplish a high evaluation. Procedure: I discovered the undertaking from my educator and rehearsed it on the Thomas Telford Website utilizing banking situations. After my training meeting I settled on the theme on which I would do my report. I concluded it to be on 'Assembling'. I picked this area as ICT has changed the method of creation and assembling. I began my exploration on 'The effect of ICT on Manufacturing' on the Internet, magazines, what's more, books and additionally took some help from my folks on what they consider ICT changing the manner in which we work and interact* with the

Breaking Normal

Breaking Normal written freshman spring 2015 inspired by this awesome video from Ze Frank I just returned from a 7.013 Introductory Biology  midterm, and the greatest pleasure in the world is ripping my glasses off, dragging pajamas on in a hurry before jumping into the softest bed for a nap. The rest of the day promises no surprises. I’ll need to find food, wash off long hours of studying, check in with friends and fellow midterm takers, and, mostly (or so I hope), study for the next exam. It’s all kind of… ordinary. MIT is pretty great, don’t get me wrong. But now, when I walk across the East Campus courtyard, twisting my neck to see the Boston skyline, the trip feels routine, normal. I can walk out in my slippers and pajama pants or clothing that totally doesn’t match. Sometimes I carry a hamper of laundry. The thought of transporting a bag of dirty clothing directly across from the Boston skyline and along MIT campus would’ve terrified me earlier. But East Campus is home now, and any person should have the right to carry a laundry hamper across their own yard. When I walk through Lobby 10 (that’s under the Great Dome), the momentary gaze at the river is almost automatic. It’s a daily checkup. Maneuvering the crowds in the Infinite Corridor has become easy. I guess I’m used to being here, used to completing psets by Friday morning and then simply sitting on the couches in the lounge Friday evening. I’m used to the cycle of work and then more work and then chilling with friends and doing household chores. I find comfort in the ordinary and routine: the sitting, the nightly runs to Seven Eleven, the frequent walks to the Charles River or to a friend’s door, the room cleaning, the napping…. I could take it all for granted. But thats not what this post is about. This is an attempt to find the magical in the mundane, to see the extraordinary in the habitual. Here goes. **** On one side of MIT lies Boston, a place of opportunity and beautifully dressed people. Cambridge opposes the big city skyline with rows of small houses and shops with tiny wonders, like vinyl records of Soviet metal bands and extreme patent leather boots. Beyond that is the mystical place known as Harvard, one that I once had trouble believing existed. Then again, I was shocked when I saw the real life MIT Dome as well. Just hours ago, I witnessed the sunrise. The Charles River was still, perfectly reflective. It seemed that the Boston skyline, the boats, and the buoys were all balancing on a mirror. A breeze blew tiny ripples along the middle of the waterway, driving a small MIT boat forward. A pink-orange glow spread over the surfaces of glass-covered towers across the river. MIT looked so peaceful! In the Infinite Corridor, endless passages still wind together and separate and lead to hidden treasures and displays: a lab with a transparent glass front, a model of a ship, or a random Christmas tree that should’ve been watered. If I looked closely, perhaps I could try to pinpoint the lines where one building in the Infinite flows into another, or try to figure out the order in the Infinite’s numbering chaos (and maybe even find all the rare women’s restrooms). In the East Campus courtyard, I can feel summer. The magnolias have bloomed. They smell sweet, and the sun is warm. Further down, students are playing tennis.  The courtyard is now full of life. The sun reflects off the silver spray paint on a wooden sign in the middle of the courtyard, illuminating the words “Welcome to EC.” It’s CPW 2015, and it feels just like last year, when, as a prefrosh, I wandered awkwardly into the yard, cautious and then excited. Today, on the Biology exam, I had to answer questions about our body’s immune response. When I got sick last week, I could understand my blood test results! I could almost feel the lymphocytes fighting hard inside my lymph nodes, defeating the sickness that got past all the other immune system barriers. Once I’m better, my immune system will remember the fight, and I will hopefully not be sick like this again. I have 10 billion B cells to help with that. I shudder at the complexity within all of us. There is so much going on, right now, in my body: the battle for better health, the production of new cells It’s not so ordinary. Well, maybe it is, but learning about it, hearing about the most recent research conducted right here, a minute away from home, that is not so ordinary. That is pretty spectacular. Flyers of all sizes and colors in the Infinite announce events in the MIT Community. There’s an improv comedy show this Friday by the student group Roadkill Buffet, and a Piano Drop from the roof of Baker House on Drop Date. Noam Chomsky is coming to speak again. And there’s more, so much more, so many things to see and hear and participate in. After my nap, I will head over to the west parallel of East Campus, where I’ll get to talk to EC alumni and eat free pad thai. And afterwards I may be tempted to position myself in the lounge for a while, to talk about silly things and maybe also learn about the latest solar car developments or see a musical Tesla coil. Though, really, I should study for my 18.03 Differential Equations  midterm. I’m almost excited for it. ODEs and Fourier Series, and all those things you can do with matrices and systems, are a lot to handle, but kind of cool. I’ll forget 18.03 content soon, I think, but I’m happy to learn it today. More thoughts on academics: MIT is flexible. That’s pretty cool. Last week, I decided to pursue a non-existent major, Education. Well, technically it’s Urban Studies and Planning (Course 11), but the major requirements are flexible enough that I can tailor them to my needs. I might also get a minor in Comparative Media Studies (CMS) and explore educational games, film, and other types of media. I used to dream about being a Film major, and was convinced MIT would prevent that, but now everything has sort of resolved itself, and my CourseRoad looks extremely exciting. Putting everything in order, weeding out the unnecessary and supplementing it with the fascinating was a challenge. I want to learn it all. I hate that I have to wait for years to take some of the classes. So I have to keep moving and working more, and I guess that means I won’t settle down. Over the summer, my friends will got on boats off the coast of Alaska, work at JPL, CERN, Red Hat, and NIH. Some will stay on campus, where I also will have the most exciting job ever (more on that later). Last summer, I couldn’t get hired at McDonald’s, Subway, Panera Bread, and Old Navy. This year, I cannot wait for employment! Earlier, I met with a visiting protofrosh and, through her eyes, I saw the random beauty of the Infinite Corridor anew. “Everything at MIT seems like a puzzle. That’s what I love about it,” she said. I haven’t solved the puzzle yet. So I’ll stay and explore more, in brief deviations from the “routine.” I’ve never been bored here, not yet. I wanted to stay on campus for the summer. It seemed odd to leave the place that makes me so comfortable, content, and excited, while also challenging me to learn. MIT is the place that allows me to experiment and explore, but always return to the comfortable routines. Some things at MIT remain the same and cycle through. But sometimes, I can break the normal. Look around. Things are pretty great. Remember that.

Essay on Family Literacy Respecting Family Ways - 1970 Words

Family Literacy: Respecting Family Ways Throughout history, the family has been the primary source for learning. Before the advent of schools, children were taught at home by their parents, older siblings, grandparents, and/or other relatives. With the introduction of formal schooling, the teaching of values, cultural practices, and skills such as cooking, sewing, farming, and trapping continued to originate in the home. Today, in spite of the vast public and private educational systems, some parents are choosing to teach their children at home, confident in their belief that teaching in the context of family is the best way to ensure the learning the desire. Public agencies, such as the National Center for Family Literacy, and†¦show more content†¦Auerbachs socio-contextual model is congruent with the contextual teaching and learning approach to knowledge development. This approach is based on the proposition that students learn best when the learning is meaningful to them and situated in the context of their social environments. This model acknowledges that there are family-relevant, as well as school-relevant, ways of bringing literacy into the home. It acknowledges the positive contributions of family members and takes into account the influence that cultural values and practices have on literacy development. The Value of Different Literacies Because school-based family literacy efforts are typically directed to people from poor, minority, and/or immigrant families who lack English proficiency, some of these programs assume that these individuals have little to offer and that the school must determine the forms of literacy that are acceptable for the family. Referring to this model as deficit driven, Taylor (Book Notes 1998) challenges educators to redefine the relationship of literacy to poverty and socioeconomic status and to acknowledge the wealth of knowledge members of these families offer, e.g., their languages, multiple approaches to literacy, and ability to deal with life events. Although all literacies are notShow MoreRelatedImplementing The Reggio Emilia Approach For Low Income Pre Kindergarten Students1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe academic achievement gap between students from families with low socioeconomic status and students from families with high socioeconomic status is of major concern in the world of education today. It is the job of current and future educators to come up with solutions to this issue. 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With patient-centered care, patients and their families need to be the primary managers of care; they lead the way and make decisions (Whorley, 2010). Health care employees are responsible for providing the options and following through on the cares the patient chooses. Patient engagement improves patient safety because patients tendRead MoreMy Educational Philosophy : My Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy952 Words   |  4 Pagesthat makes dreams possible. My purpose for teaching is to lift children up to their greatest level of potential in my classroom. I will work individually with struggling students. In addition, I will be present in my dealing with my students, respecting each student as and individual. In my classroom, I will act as a facilitator. As facilitator, I will bring about learning outcomes; by providing indirect assistance, supervision, and guidance to my students. This teaching style promotes self-learningRead MoreTeaching Role Of An Apn1216 Words   |  5 Pagespatient-centered. This approach involves listening to the patient, allowing time for questions, assessing the health literacy of the patient and including the patient’s input when planning their treatment. Among these, health literacy, the ability to understand basic health information needed to make decisions, is imperative. An approach that can confirm the patients’ health literacy is the Teach-Back Method. Teach-Back can be implemented by: 1. Using plain language and speak slowly and clearly, breakingRead MorePediatric Nurse Practitioners : Care For Patients From A Diverse Cultures1170 Words   |  5 Pagesculture. â€Å"Becoming a culturally competent health professional is a demanding prerequisite in this multicultural society† (Suh, 2006. p. 1). Nurse Practitioner’s are at the forefront of delivery of culturally competent primary care to diverse urban families. According to a study by Matteliano and Street, â€Å"NPs established culturally sensitive partnerships with patients, encouraged self-advocacy, addressed contextual considerations, and adjusted practices to meet the patient needs† (Matteliano Street

The Use of Different Approaches and Learning Styles in...

Q1. Different learning styles Nursing is a discipline that demands the practitioner be able to understand higher-level abstract medical and scientific concepts, yet also deploy them in a hands-on manner. It requires the practitioner to learn from observing more experienced colleagues. Thus, using different approaches to teaching is not simply sound on the basis of the strengths of the individual students, but also a necessary part of teaching the art and science of nursing. The use of technology in the nursing classroom has vastly expanded the teaching resources for faculty members. Visual learners can access video links to view various procedures being performed, rather than simply reading about them in a textbook. Auditory listeners can supplement their learning by listening to podcasts or even simply tape lectures to listen to again, to reinforce the knowledge they have learned. Kinesthetic learners can access technology that allows them to simulate procedures. It is this form of simulation technology, however, that is likely to be the most useful in nursing education, given that its multisensory nature can be adapted to suit the needs of the widest variety of learners. One of the most commonly-used methods of deploying technology in the nursing classroom is that of simulation technology. High fidelity human patient simulation (HFPS) is increasingly regarded as an essential element of nursing education programs (Diener Hobbes 2004: 34). This increases the level ofShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Nursing Role In Patient Education1275 Words   |  6 Pageshealth problems and its complications are becoming more complex and diverse. The unique role of health education is helping to meet this problems and can be clarified. Nurses involved into a practice that included teaching and demonstrating health care actions to patients, their families, other health care workers and the community at large. The world Health Organization deems patient education is importan t to person and family centered care, especially for the nurses because nurses are the patient’sRead MoreIdentifying Optimal Learning Modes / Strategies761 Words   |  4 PagesNo one can deny the fact that a person’s education is the most significant aspect of his/her life. Human beings every moment enhance their intellect by learning and teaching; therefore, understanding and utilizing the perfect learning approaches are sine qua non. VARK is a questionnaire that helps your learning by suggesting the strategies you should be using (Fleming, 1987). Utilizing this tool can contribute people to identify optimal learning modes/strategies in order to increase the effectivenessRead MoreVark929 Words   |  4 Pages Analysis of Learning Styles Learning styles of individual students vary and as a consequence, learning needs also change from each student to the next (Liew, Sidhu, Barua, 2015). 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The greatest challenge to hospitals using an EMR system is the expense of the new system, and the challenge nurses face with technology adoption in usage of EMRRead MoreLearning Style : The Factor That Affecting Learning Relating Performance1641 Words   |  7 PagesLearning style is one of the factor that affecting learning-relating performance.{148} The method an individual choose to approach a learning situa tion has an impact on his performance and learning outcomes. Learning define as a process that lead to change which occur as a result of experience, and increases the potential for improving performance and future learning. Any concern about selection of effective teaching, must begin with a consideration of students preference learning styles. According

Women in Korean Society A Past and Present Perspective Free Essays

â€Å"The Music from Gwangsang Mountian where I played in my dream† is one of the most famous poems, which was written by a woman who lived in 1500s. The poem basically means that the writer of this poem eager to escape from the patriarchal society. The poem was written by a Korean women poet â€Å"Heo Hanselheon† who lived in 1500s wrote this poem before she died. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Korean Society: A Past and Present Perspective or any similar topic only for you Order Now This poem is describing when she had a dream that she was in the place called â€Å"Gwangsang Mountain†. Gwangsang Mountain is actually represents the paradise that she always dreamed of which is being free from the paternalism. In the poem, the first line, â€Å"Blue sea- water permeate into beaded sea,† show the paradise she had been dreaming, also means the scene that she saw in her dream. The second line, â€Å"Blue bird line on colored bird,† means that she is tired of all her life and she need some â€Å"rest†. The third line, â€Å"Twenty- seven lotus flower fall in red† tell us that the â€Å"rest† is death when she become a twenty-seven years old, which is predicting her death. Of coarse, red would be color of blood, which also represents her death. The last line, â€Å"It is cold on the moon light frost†, is telling that the moon light frost which represents the cruel society towards her is leading her to death or doesn’t feel any guilty and sympathy to her. In the poem, most of words are represent death of her and the dream that she had. The reason why this is important because we understand and assume how harsh her life was how much she wanted leave this horrible place. Since her poem tells us that she wants to escape from patriarchal society, so which relates to our unit 2, Hidden Voice, that there were many Korean women who had same wish like writer of this poem. On the other side, the K-pop music has totally different meanings and story than the old Korean poem. The music â€Å"I Will Show You† by Ailee is one of the music that women power gets stronger and overcome the paternalism. The story of this music is very simple; there are one man and one woman who were couple but a woman was a â€Å"nerd†. As a result, a man dumped her and gets another girlfriend. However, a woman changed into a very fashionable and confident, a man changes the attitude toward her and starts to follow her. On the other hand, a woman tired to revenge to men who made her angry and sorrow. It shows that women can control over men. In the lyric, the chorus part, â€Å"I will show you totally different myself/ I will show you more beautiful myself/ I will not cry because of you who was eager love/ I will show I am happier than you when I meet a more cool man/ I don’t feel any sadness even though you are not here, I don’t collapse, boy you gatta be aware† show how much she become confident about her appearance and herself. The starting part of the second verse, â€Å"Change my hair style more fresh and do makeup better/ everyone looking at me who wear high heels and short skirt† directly shows that how she revenge to her ex- boyfriend and it represents the higher states of women. The song is showing why this states changed in the story in the song. This song is important because in the song the states of men and women changed, how men treat women towards their appearance and why women had higher states at the middle of the song. The women and the men had different choices but ended up that she wins in this â€Å"competition† of the states. Since the poem and the song were written in different people in different time, there are many similarities and differences between two. Both poem and song is telling the story in the same point of view. These are all written in women’s perspective and it tells us the story that they have. However, there are more differences between these two. In the song, the woman tired to change her and the attitude that men had towards her. On the other hand, in the poem, the writer wanted to escape from her situation not trying to change her situation. How to cite Women in Korean Society: A Past and Present Perspective, Papers

Walking the Line free essay sample

It was completely innocent; no harm or offense meant. But still, it hung in the air. Her face was red. I empathized, I knew the feeling—when you let something slip out, by the time you reach out to grasp it, to reel it back in, it’s too late. You can only watch as it detonates or dissolves, and pray that it is the latter. We, my friends and I, had been huddling on the train platform to go home to suburbia after spending a day in the city. Our cheeks were pink and tingling from the alternating kisses and bites from the brisk January Boston air. Suddenly, we moved in closer to each other simultaneously. It was an automatic defensive response. â€Å"Hey, is that guy coming towards us?† someone whispered. He was. â€Å"That guy† was scruffy to say the least, with wild, tangled hair matted on top of his head and growing in impossible directions from his chin. We will write a custom essay sample on Walking the Line or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was the type that our mothers had labeled in our minds as â€Å"dangerous.† Before we could move away, he approached us, spouting loudly and incoherently his less-than-favorable views on President Obama and his ethnicity. Then, just as quickly as he came, he meandered off to share his opinion with someone else. There was a moment of stunned silence, before we broke out into fits of incredulous giggles. At length, one of my friends chimed in, amused: â€Å"He probably felt he could talk to us because we’re a nice bunch of white kids.† She continued laughing, while I took a moment to process her words. â€Å"Except for me,† I spoke up. â€Å"Huh?† â€Å"I’m not white. I’m Chinese, remember?† Her giggles trailed off nervously, as she grasped what I was saying, and her face flushed in embarrassment. We brushed the awkward moment off quickly, but it still stands out in my memory. It was the only time it had ever been verbalized, but I knew that the sentiment behind it was not a one-time occurrence. The daughter of first-generation immigrants, I had assimilated—perhaps a little too well. There is a fine line to be walked by many second-generation, ethnic children such as myself. I have observed it often in the minority groups in my predominantly Caucasian school. There seem to be two camps: those who assimilate into the mainstream, and those who clump together with others with similar backgrounds, to the exclusion of all others. The mainstream Asians that I know fight hard to play down anything that marks them as different; they are the first to mock themselves with Asian stereotypes, like the obese student who makes â€Å"fat jokes,† hurting themselves before others can do it for them. The other group seems perpetually ill-at-ease around the majority white students, switching to speaking Chinese—or Vietnamese, or whatever it is that they speak—whenever someone passes by. I seek the elusive middle ground. Admittedly, I tend towards the former group; most of my friends are, as it was put, â€Å"a nice bunch of white kids.† However, I am as proud of my heritage as anyone in the latter group. I do not simply take the punches when someone pulls at their eyes to make the â€Å"Asian squint.† I will stand up for myself. But I also find it incredibly rude to speak in a different language just so a third party will not understand. â€Å"Celebrating differences† does not mean drawing a thick, dark line between â€Å"us† and â€Å"them,† never to be crossed. I consider my culture and ethnicity to be an irreplaceable piece of my identity, no more or less so than the piece influenced by growing up in America. For seven years, between the ages of eight and fifteen, I attended American public school during the week, and learned to read and write in Chinese for three hours every weekend at Kwong Kow Chinese School. I am equally a t home eating at an Applebee’s as at China Pearl Dim Sum. I try my best to bring the two worlds together. Given the choice of subject matter for school projects, I am always eager to explore my heritage and my family history; for one of my favorite assignments, I was able to have an enlightening conversation with my own mother about the role of Chinese women through generations from the 1800s through the present. When my friends come to my house, they will often find themselves eating homemade dumplings, trying foods with strange smells and names, and attempting to master the art of using chopsticks. Likewise, when I visit their houses for dinner, I am exposed to new things that they consider â€Å"normal†Ã¢â‚¬â€for instance, I only recently ate meatloaf for the very first time in my life. Of course, there will always be moments when I feel like I am neither here, nor there, or to the contrary, have drifted too far one way or another. That day at the train station wa s one such moment. I never want to forget my rich heritage—but I would never want to be held back from embracing what life here, in America, has to offer. And so, I continue to search for my own identity somewhere between those extremes. I continue to walk the line.

The ability to distinguish and memorise the items

Abstract The experiment seeks to measure the ability to distinguish and memorise the items one saw. There were sixty-seven participants all of them third year students who take the course Advance Topics in Cognition laboratory. Age and sex were not considered as variables and as such were ignored in the analysis of the results.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The ability to distinguish and memorise the items specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The experiment was to use simple objects that might confuse the participants and be tricky to remember (high in conceptual distinctiveness) and some that would be easier to remember (or low in conceptual distinctiveness). Participants would be presented with items and then they would be asked if they have seen the item before in the experiment (old item) or haven’t (new item). Introduction Human memory accesses or scans items in memory in a short-term old-new r ecognition memory task as proposed by Sternberg in the Sternberg paradigm. Different people scan their memory in different ways with different results with others being better than others in the scanning process (Sternberg, 1966). The participants were presented with list of items and they were to identify if the item presented was from a previously presented list or if it was a new item. This was to give a result and enable a probe on the habits of the human brain in analysis and scanning of items and memory of the same. The standard result having been declared by Stenberg, suggested that the mind scans all items in the mind to figure out whether the new item belongs to an old list of to a new list, hence, the more the items the more the response time needed to figure out. This is whether the target list is new or not. This leads to exhaustion of the brain a factor which further reduces the time needed to respond to the item. Limited capacity parallel access theory and familiarity- based decision making theory have similar results with Sternberg’s RT. The exhaustive search shows consistent results with the mean RT too. Limited capacity parallel access theory however differs in that it assumes that the items are accessed simultaneously but the memory comparison rate decreases as the set size increases. The simultaneous access causes the brain to reduce the effective time taken to compare the item with the items on the other lists.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, the familiarity-based decision making theory the participants compare the target item to a global composite of all the items in memory; if the familiarity or similarity of the target to this composite memory reaches some threshold then the participants will identify whether the item belongs to the old list or it belongs to the new list (Nosofsky, 2011). Should we obtain standard results in the experiment as of the above theories, it will indicate that the basic underlying architecture of memory access does not vary between the different item types (James, 2001). If the slope sizes are different then this means that accessing the different items has different â€Å"costs†, either in terms of the time necessary to scan each item (i.e., a serial exhaustive model account), the capacity limitation placed on the rate of processing (i.e., a parallel model account) or the rate at which memory for individual items decreases with an item’s lag or its position on the list (i.e., a familiarity-based account). Method Participants The total number of participants was 67, that is, all the 3rd year students enrolled in the Advanced Topics in Cognition Laboratory classes. Apparatus Participants were tested in groups on lab computers running a MATLAB-based experiment designed using the Psychophysics toolbox (Brainard, 1997; Pelli, 1991). Stimuli Objects used included items which were low in conceptual distinctiveness [earrings, fish hooks, salt pepper shakers, child sip cups, computer keys, jack-o-lanterns, keyboards, microwaves) or high in conceptual distinctiveness [car fronts, juices, mp3 players, road signs, bill money, cigarette packs, coins, muffins] or ProcedureAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The ability to distinguish and memorise the items specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The experiment started by displaying to the participants the various items of study. They were given 500ms to view the items and scan them in their memory. After that, they would be asked to present the items they had scanned (saw during the first procedure), for this they were given 1000ms with 200ms break after each presentation. The memory set was varying in a range of 1 to 5. After the final study item was presented to the participant, an asterisk was placed fo r 1000ms to signal that the next digit presented was the test probe . The item then had to remain on the screen until the participant made a response. This however was marked by as asterisk to indicate that more time was needed by the participant to identify the item. One was required to identify the item being presented to them if they had seen it before they would press the left button but if they think it was a new item then they would press the right button. Results There were 67 participants but only 53 tests were regarded for analysis. This is because 12 of the data files were lost due to the computer error and 2 of the participants results were cancelled after they were found to be less than the average accuracy of all participants 3 x the standard deviation minus. The major analysis was to focus on size 2 to 5 and as such we had trials which were had RT that were less that 200msec or greater than 3 x the std + the average of each of the investigated conditions. 1.24% of the trials were removed using this method. Within each set size, we then compute the median RT for each set size x condition (high v/s low conceptual distinctiveness) x probe (present v/s absent) condition. Set size 1 was excluded from further analysis due to a lack of meaningful RT differences between the probe present and probe absent trials. Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The High CD condition replicates the standard observed lag functions (e.g., Monsell, 1978) The Low CD condition does the same but there is a slight increase in RT for long lists at lags 2 and 3. Note that because the probe’s lag position was not controlled but was just randomly allocated from trial to trial, there are markedly fewer trials at this point (N ~= 85) than at other points (e.g., lag 1, set size 1, N ~= 400). Consequently, the observed lag effect is not significant. Presentation The questions in the questioner were open ended and difficult terms were defined to enhance the understanding of the questions. Simple and easy to conceptualize language was used in designing the questions. This was in a bid to enhance a clear understanding on the side of the respondent regardless of their literacy level. Data obtained from the report was presented in form of tables and graphs. This was done to enhance ease in understanding as well as conceptualization of the results obtain ed. Tables and graphs aided in the summarization of information since they presented them in the simplest form possible (Little, 2011). The briefing of results widened the scope of individuals able to access as well as understands the results. The complexity and tediousness that come with reading large volumes of text is thus reduced. A lot of information can hence be obtained by only a glance at the tables and graphs. Discussion If the experiment gets results that are not concordant with the Stenberg result then this would provide a strong evidence against the above three mentioned theories. The standard Sternberg result is unable to adjudicate between these theories. The slope of the set size function can still provide insight into how different types of stimuli are accessed or into how different clinical populations access items in memory (e.g., people with mental retardation have steeper set size slopes than people without mental retardation, Harris Fleer, 1974). This lab exper iment will focus on the former by comparing lists of items which are conceptually similar and lists of items which are conceptually distinct. In the present experiment, we compare old-new recognition performance for conceptually similar and conceptually distinctive items by using the Sternberg paradigm and varying a) the set size presented on each trial, b) whether the probe is present or absent on each trial and c) the category of items presented on each trial (i.e., either conceptually distinctive or conceptually similar items will be presented on each trial). We are specifically interested in whether a) both types of items result in the standard Sternberg result and b) whether the slope of the set size function is equivalent between both types of items. References Baym, V. (2008). Accurate forced-choice recognition without awareness of memory retrieval. Learning and memory , 454-459. Beins, B. (2004). Research Methods: a tool for life. Michigan: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. Brandon, K. (2011). Electron Nursing Documentation as a Strategy to Improve Quality Care. Journal of Nursing scholarship , 154-162. Bruke, J. (2009). Report writing. New York: Cengage. Course, O. U. (2008). Thinking Critically. New York: Open University Worldwide. Covey, S. R. (2003). 7 Habits of Highly Influential People. New York: Hay House Incorporated. Daniel, P. (1991). Videotoolbox Software for visual psychophysics. Transforming numbers into movies , 437-442. Government, A. (2000, June 3). Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Act 2011 . Retrieved from Comlaw: https://www.legislation.gov.au/ James, W. (2001). Psychology: The briefer Course. New York: Courier Dover Publications. James, W. (2007). The Principles of Psychology. New York: Cosimo. Johnson, T. (1971). A note on the identifiability of parallel and serial precessess. Perception Psychophysics , 161-163. Little, N. (2012). Activation in the nueral network responsible for categorization and reflection parameter. Procee dings of the national Assembly , 333-338. Little, N. (2011). Short-Term memory Scanning Viewed as Exemplar-Based Categorization. Psychological Review , 280-315. Myers, D. G. (2009). Psychology In Modules. New York: Worth Publishers. Nairnei, J. S. (2010). Psychology. Chicago: Cengage Learning. Nevid, J. S. (2007). Psychology: Concepts and Applications. Chicago: Cengage. Patrick Mcneill, S. C. (2009). Research Methods: Third Edition. Chicago: Cengage Learning. Phil, R. (2010). Experiment in Psychology. Chicago: Prentice Hall. Ruth, R. (1978). A theory of Memory Retrieval. Psychological Review , 50-108. Susan, S. (1966, August). High-speed scanning in human memory. Science , 652-654. Weiten, W. (2010). Psychology: Themes and Variations. Chicago: Cengage Learning. White, L. (2008). Foundations of Nursing. Chicago: Cengage Learning. William m., J. P. (2006). Research Methods Knowledge Base. Chicago: Cengage. This research paper on The ability to distinguish and memorise the items was written and submitted by user Weston Greene to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Audience Analysis Essay Example

Audience Analysis Essay Example Audience Analysis Essay Audience Analysis Essay Running Head: AUDIENCE ANALYSIS Audience Analysis COMM 285 University of Phoenix 7 August 2010 Audience analysis is the first step in any communication process: it gives you the tools you need to shape your product and your message. In order to communicate effectively with your audience, you need to understand who they are, what groups they belong to, and what values they hold.(Locker, Kienzler, 2008) The vice president of Ann Taylor Clothing Stores had a successful approach to dealing with and learning her target audience. She researched her target audience and then divided them into groups and developed a fashion line for each target. Creating information in this manner is not unheard of in the office environment. If a company followed Ms. Krillâ„ ¢s pattern they would see an increase in production and effectiveness, because the workers would have intimate knowledge of the targets. There are many decisions to take into affect when developing information for a target audience. Throughout the remainder of this paper we will discuss audience levels, individual analysis versu s group analysis, and channels of communication. These basic items will assist any individual or company with developing quality information that will be retained by the employees while yielding maximum effectiveness. AUDIENCE LEVELS The first step in audience analysis is to know or discover who your audience is. As explained in chapter two of Business and Administrative Communications, most organizations have multiple levels, so it is only right that there be varied levels of organizational messages. The first level of organizational messages is the gatekeeper. A gatekeeper has the power to stop your message instead of sending it on to other audiences. A gatekeeper is typically a supervisor or section director/head. The next level is the primary audience. The primary audience will decide whether to accept your recommendations or will act on the basis of your message. You must reach the primary audience to fulfill your purposes in any message. (Locker, Kienzler, 2008) The primary audience is normally a board or committee brought together for a specific project. The next audience level is the secondary audience will either comment or make plans based of the information received. Secondary audiences can be legal te ams, inspection teams, or sales representatives. The last two audience levels are the auxiliary audience and the watchdog audience. The auxiliary audience may read and review the message but have nothing to do with the information. An example of an auxiliary audience member would be a person from the logistics department reading a report from the training and development department. The last audience, the watchdog audience, has a political or social responsibility and monitors company business for integrity and trustworthiness. Once you decided the different audience levels one has to determine how they will address them, as individuals or as a group. Each will have a different set of challenges which will be discussed below. INDIVIUAL ANALYSIS vs. GROUP ANALYSIS As a speaker it is important to have background information on the people you will be addressing. Each individual being addressed will receive the information differently; it is impossible to please all listeners when presenting. Knowing a person age and skill level will often give a person a foundation to begin planning what format will be suit the listener. Also knowing a personal job requirement can be an asset when developing information. Though all parts of the information we are sharing is important and may play into one another, each member or section may only need a portion of the entire product to move to the next step. In our age of information technology supervisors have their preferred method of receiving information. Some may choose to receive information on spreadsheets and other my want power point slides. Knowing the main receiver will ensure information is set up to maximize their understanding. When dealing with a group demographics play a major role in disseminatio n of information. Knowing pay information is irrelevant when giving a briefing, but know the companyâ„ ¢s target demographics will be a huge help. Another aspect to take into consideration is dominant figures of a group. Not all members of a group have the same input or knowledge on all the information being discussed. All members should be aware of the all situation, but reality is that most are not set up to be that functional. COMMUNICATION CHANNELS A communication channel is the means by which you convey your message. Communication channels vary in speed, accuracy of transmission, cost, number of messages carried, number of people reached, efficiency, and ability to promote goodwill. (Locker, Kienzler, 2008) There are many types of communication channels that are used to disseminate information in a group setting. The most often used in an informal meeting, this type of setting is more relaxed. Minutes are not taken and attendance is not normally required. Informal meetings are rarely publicized and are mainly known by those attending. Informal meetings can be held by teleconference or by small group. There is normally one person guiding the meeting along but participants are allowed to comment at any point without introduction or permission. Informal meetings may also be held away from the office setting. Many decisions are made over lunch, breakfast, coffee, or tea. Formal meetings on the other hand, are preplanned and the to pics are normally predetermined. Formal meetings also have objectives that the mediator would like to achieve prior to the end of the meeting. Official correspondence is sent out well in advance to remind and request attendance to a formal meeting. This type of meeting are held by senior company executives and attended by department supervisors or directors. The ultimate goal of communication is to pass information from one medium to another. In business this theory has been narrowed from one individual, department, or company to another. The items mentioned above are not the total answer to effective communication but will lay a solid foundation for business communication. In summary, it is important to understand what audience levels will be attending a company meeting; of the five discussed our target will be within one of them. Once the audience levels have been determined the next step is to determine the individuals of meeting or the group as a whole. Group meeting in more general and will take less time. Having a basic understanding of each individual, if feasible, will better assist with information dissemination and product development. Lastly, having a good channel of communication is key to passing along a clear, simple to follow, accurate message. REFERENCES Locker, K, Kienzler, D. (2008). Business and administrative communication. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin

Marine ecosystems Florida Keys Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marine ecosystems Florida Keys - Assignment Example The environment specialist gave an insight on the importance of the environment as a habitat for other animals and for human health. The insight acted as guidance to how we treated the environment at the place for the next three weeks. The park had two laboratories. One dealt with research on marine plants while the other dealt with research on marine animals. In the plant laboratory, I learnt how to operate the modern microscopes. The lab technicians were very helpful in helping us identify the adaptation characteristics of the plants. I was able to see some of the biology facts that I had learnt theoretically. The technicians introduce us to marine crop improvement which was done through numerous tests. At that particular time, the technicians were doing research on improving the green algae plant. Their major aim was to reduce its growth period and increase its adaptation in being a habitat for certain small sea animals (Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary retrieved from http://www.q2lschool.org/ecosystem/popeco/ecoscenario/drytort/index.html). I worked as an assistant lab technician which led me discovering the adaptation of the algae plant. The animal laboratory was very busy and with many technicians. They had many sea animal specimens which we dissected so as to understand their body features. We dissected different types of fish, and we were able to identify and compare various organs. To test on our understanding capabilities, we were given simple test to dissect crabs and remove certain organs. We were required to describe the adaptability of different features such as how the feet were adapted to movement in water. The project about the crab also required us to identify the different kinds of foods that crab feed on. From my research, I learnt that crabs are omnivorous and they feed on algae and small seas animals such as molluscs and worms. In the laboratory, what amazed me most was the diverse features of

Research Method Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Research Method - Dissertation Example How strong can this sense of community be? 4. What kinds of cultural identity have been formed in this virtual community? Research Method Ethnographic interview.Analysis of the interviews occurred in four stages. In the first stage, the transcripts are analyzed for concepts and themes. The comments and themes are in the transcript margins. This is the first stage. In the second stage, there was an analysis of expert files, which refers to pertinent experts which are from each interview related to each theme, and this refined the themes. These expert files, which are thematically related, were refined further. The theoretical framework of the study is linked to the thee in the fourth stage In the interviews, the interviewee explains his or her version of reality, while constructing this reality. In this way, the interviews are a kind of â€Å"interpersonal drama.† The researcher must stand back, and not direct the interview, because to insert oneself into the interview would in sert the researcher’s agenda into the issue, and the researcher might interpret the themes accordingly. There are alternate interpretations of the interview responses, and the interview should proceed in a manner which encourages this. Because respondents should answer in a way that develops his or her own perspective, the interviews should be unstructured. Nonetheless, the interviews are semi-structured, because this study has an exploratory nature. To develop the research interests of the study, open-ended questions were asked. These open-ended questions were not a strict questionnaire, however. Rather, they were simply used to tease out the key topics, and served as a reminder not to miss these topics. In the beginning of the interviews, the interviewees were given a general idea of what the focus would be. That said, the interviewees were encouraged to direct the conversation’s flow, and I would intervene only when I wanted to more about the issue. The only other t ime that I intervened was when the topic of conversation had gotten too far off of the focus of the interview. The questions were open-ended as much as possible. As the interview reached its’ close, I double-checked the question list to make sure that there was nothing important missing from the interview, and, if this was the case, I probed the interviewee further. Throughout my data collection period, I constantly added new questions to incorporate issues brought up in previous interviews. Recruitment of respondents.Ten people were recruited from the users of internet. I did not attempt to cover all ethnic groups, whichis beyond the scope of the project. Instead, I chose a particular group of people as the target of my study. To achieve the best results, they met the following two requirements: 1. They still maintain their distinctive cultural identities as ethnic people, surrounded in the sea of host countries’ mainstream culture. 2. They are not much affected by th e traditional community ethnic media, yet they are actively using the new media. That way, the influence of the computer media can be best measured. Specifically, Each participant recruited were an expert practitioner of his/her mass mediated world, knowledgeable in the most detailed and intimate ways of how it shapes their identities, which provides entry points to their complex culture condition of living on ‘borderlands’ and to their ongoing process of identity negotiation.

Courage In Little Women And Treasure Island

Courage In Little Women And Treasure Island Little Women was written in the 19th Century in the time of the American Civil War. Many men were away fighting the war or supporting their cause, so women were often left to await their return and run their lives without the support of their husbands and fathers. Treasure Island was written in Britain nearly 20 years later, at a time when the British Empire was at its zenith and British citizens felt invincible. In both books the children are affected by financial issues and it is this that ultimately brings out the courage in the children. Courage is defined as the quality that makes a person able to meet dangers without fear†¦.Bravery. I do not believe that any of the children faced their lives without fear, but they managed to control it to allow them to cope with their own dangers. In this context we must look at how they meet dangers, deal with consequences of their actions and face adversity. We must also look at how their courage, or lack thereof, affects the outcomes in certain scenarios. Courage can be shown both physically and psychologically, but it is the mind that drives a person to show courage; for instance people who show acts of physical bravery are only able to carry the act out with a strength of mind and in turn a psychological courage. The first book I will look at is that of Little Women. The four March sisters, Jo, Meg, Beth and Amy, are left in the care of their mother Marmee when their father goes off to the American Civil War, after losing the majority of their wealth, Mr March lost his property in trying to help an unfortunate friend. Each of the sisters has a different personality and this is no less apparent in the way in which their individual courage is portrayed in the story. The story is set in a difficult period in American history and the author bases the book on her own childhood. The story touches on the fight for independence amongst women at the time and portrays a story that captures courage, love and adversity. It is also very much written for girls as it appeals to the sort of life girls would have recognised in the mid-nineteenth century. The sisters show solidarity through the adversity and one word that crops up frequently, when the author describes the girls change in lifestyle, is Pilgrim. This is an example of courage; the fact that they are prepared to try to make changes in their personalities in time for their fathers return in one year. They face challenges to rid themselves of their flaws and although this is not always a complete success, they show great resolve and strength of mind not to be beaten. This form of courage may not be as colourful as the more obvious, physical courage that is shown in Treasure Island but it has many qualities and gives the readers a belief that they can improve their own lives. Courage is an inspiring trait and it is what makes great leaders; it is the reason that the readers can become engrossed in and involved with the main characters of both the books we are looking at. Courage for the girls is of enduring, of patience and conquering their fears for their father and overcoming their own personality defects. Fetterley suggests that the girls take on this model of womanhood not from choice or out of virtue, but from necessity. This is certainly true of Jo, who longs to break the mould and become a writer, but she knows it is her fathers wish that his little women will do their duty faithfully, fight their bosom enemies bravely and conquer themselves beautifully. She remains true to herself, although her task is to control her temper and try to overcome her dislike of housework. She gets into dreadful scrapes, but has a wonderful enthusiasm for life, which is viewed by the others in varying degrees of disapproval or wistfulness. Alcott gives Jo a steadfast friend and admirer in the shy and retiring Beth. All their striving to improve is worthwhile when Beth gets better and their father returns safely to them. Meg finds love and a future husband, Beth has her health and her father and Jo and Amy are satisfied with their lot. Jo has Laurie, which the reader hopes will blossom successfully in another book. At the last it is Jo who we feel has the courage to step out of the system Jo lounged in her favourite low seat , with the grave, quiet look which best became her. She offers us the most promise for the future, she has the most courage. It is courageous to live in society as a poor relation, to follow their mothers strong moral code in the style of John Bunyons Pilgrims Progress. It is not exciting courage, where the enemy is an evil person, but it is the mundane courage to improve and strive to be good. Marmee allows the girls to make their own mistakes. When they are given 3 months vacation, they ask if they can take their break following their own desires. Marmee agrees to this, but wisely says You may try your experiment for a week and see if you like it. I think by Saturday night you will find that all play and no work is as bad as all work and no play. Of course Marmee is quite right and the girls realise what a peculiar and uncomfortable state of things was produced by the resting and revelling process. The narrative utilised in each of the books is also a determinant of how the various areas of courage are shown and paint different pictures from the simplistic view of what courage is. In Treasure Island Jims narrative of his heroic acts is valuable because he records them modestly, giving us an insider view of heroism that is not very glamorous. Jim is not arrogant, but instead is humbled by his mistakes and successes. He takes full responsibility for his errors rather than finding excuses for them, and he confesses to moments of panic, indecision, and regret rather than bragging exclusively of his successes. Jims remarkable honesty and sincerity often make the heroic or noble claims of the grown-ups, pirates and honourable citizens alike, seem like empty bluster. Jims inclusion of both his follies and his fortunes make his narrative seem more genuine and the adventure more real. If we look back at what defines courage and in particular at the statement that acts of bravery are wit hout fear, we can see that everyone experiences fear even if their ultimate act is one of courage and heroism, it is how ones mind deals with the fear, that creates the courage, as is depicted in the quote from Treasure Island; My curiosity, in a sense, was stronger than my fear we can understand a little of his personality and how he overcomes his natural instinct to be afraid. Although he is courageous, Jims impetuous individualism reminds us that he is still a youth. His tendency to act on his whims and his growing self-awareness also shows that he is caught between two worlds-between childhood and adulthood, and between the lawful, rational world and the lawless pirate world. Jims story is therefore not merely a fanciful adventure tale but also a narrative about growing up. The fact that it is written in the first person allows the reader to enter the world of Jim Hawkins and allow themselves to become the character, incorporating their personalities and in turn understanding th eir strengths and weaknesses fully. Both books look at the growth of the individuals, in Little Women each of the girls sets out to better herself, by losing her least endearing traits and growing into a finer woman because of this. In Treasure Island Jim starts out life as a scared boy who is frightened easily and runs to his mother when he is. As the story continues after the death of his father, Jim becomes more assertive and courageous. In both stories, it is the courage of their convictions that allows them to mature and become what they desire. They all possess strong will-power and a strong understanding of what is wrong and right. In order that they live their lives in this way they must each possess courage. The role that the courage plays in each of the books is creating a hero and keeping the reader interested. Jims physical bravery and heroic acts were aimed at inspiring the boys of that generation. The book was written in a time when men were expected to be brave and courageous and the story of Jim Hawkins taps into the mind of boys who were going through an unsure stage in their lives. The fact that Stevenson made Jim a timid, frightened boy at the beginning of the book and then took him trough a journey of growth and maturity, shows that he was understanding of how many boys of that age were feeling and was hoping that this would inspire and show them the way to become a man. It is believed that Stevenson based the story about his own feelings as he grew up; his 12 year old son was also a major influence on how Jim should be portrayed. In Little women we see a similar influence that the role of courage has on the reader. The book was aimed at young teenage girls who were growing up in a time of expectation. The expectation that you must marry well, not be outspoken, and be a devoted wife. Little women breaks this mould and shows girls in a different light. Jos courage to be outspoken and wilful showed the reader that life didnt have to mean conforming and Beths bravery through illness would show them that courage through times of adversity is a positive attribute. It gave teenage girls in this time another outlook on life and the courage shown by the little women could be related to their own lives in some way. Both books show various forms of courage in children and the historical element plays a large part in the authors choice of character. War affected countries and traditional values made for hard times for many children of the era. The authors were able to free the children from their normal lives and enter into lives of children they could relate to and if they chose to, emulate. Although Treasure Island is a fantasy tale, it again incorporates realistic virtues and traits, it interests the children of the time and is understood by many boys of the era, who lost their fathers . Although the death of Jims father is not a major part of the story, it is the turning point for Jim as he begins to find his courage and maturity. Books are often written to give children role models and the most successful have characters that they can relate. This is still true of todays writing and character inspiration for many of todays leading childrens novels has come from the realisation that the need for a courageous, brave main character is paramount to encouraging children and young teenagers to read so they can live their own lives through these people and take on their qualities. I believe that the role of courage of the children in both Little Women and Treasure Island is the overriding reason for the success of the books. As has been mentioned above, the historical reasons, the need for children to read about their peers acting in a courageous way and the inspiration that the characters produce for the reader are all reasons for the success of the books. The courage and bravery of the children has been so powerful that it has led to future authors trying to reproduce the characters in their stories. They may be extremely different characters, but if you look at how Pullman created Lyra or Rowling created Harry Potter they all share one trait in particular, courage.

Relationship Between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay

All through the play of â€Å"Macbeth† there is a continuing relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. The relationship has a significant role that creates most of the actions, reactions, moods, feelings and attitudes in the play. That relationship changes throughout the play, at first there is a lot of respect between them, however in time Lady Macbeth takes the part of the more dominant character of their relationship. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth they respect each other and are on exactly the same wavelength, so close they can almost read each other’s thoughts when they are apart. â€Å"†¦ I feel now / The future in the instant. † (I, v) Having decided to murder Duncan, their relationship becomes even more intense, it’s a passionate, obsessive, almost sexual excitement. As well there’s fear and terror involved in the relationship. â€Å"What cannot you and I perform upon / Th’ unguarded Duncan? † (I, vii) After Duncan’s murder, Lady Macbeth appears stunned by Macbeth’s killing of the guards. Suddenly she feels that the situation is getting out of control and Macbeth is becoming more vicious. This is the first time we feel they are growing apart. â€Å"O, yet I do repent me of my fury, / That I did kill them. During the time between the coronation and the banquet the relationship becomes very distressed. Neither of them are sleeping. Guilt is overcoming the couple. Macbeth begins to plan and think alone and shuts out Lady Macbeth from his thoughts. â€Å"How now my lord! why do you keep alone†¦? † (III, ii) By the banquet scene, Lady Macbeth realises she can’t do anything to help her husband. At the end, she and her husband, have grown apart, so they are no in a relationship anymore. He is determined to go back to the witches; we feel that Macbeth is no longer trusting his wife but instead in â€Å"You lack the season of all natures, sleep. (III, iv) After the banquet there is a long period when all Lady Macbeth can do is watch as Macbeth continues killing. By the last Act, a combination of isolation and guilt has driven Lady Macbeth mad. †I tell you yet again, Banquo’s buried, he / Cannot come out on’s grave. ‘ (V, i) †Shortly before the end, Macbeth too realises that his life no longer has any meaning and calmly faces his own death at the hands of Macduff. In this play the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth had a significant role of creating most of the actions, moods, feelings, and attitudes. The relationship changed throughout the play.

Population Management Strategies Essay

China has one of the largest population densities in the world. In Russia there is a decline in population which is observed to increase drastically. In Western Europe as well, the population decline is as a result of the social and economic lifestyle that the natives lead. Varied measures are therefore taken against the population growing trends. This study compares and contrasts the population management strategies of the above mentioned nations (Gordon, 2005). 2. 0 Population growth in Russia Presently, there is a remarkable decline in population and this is a major problem in Russia. Russia’s population is estimated to be 143 million, however, in every year there is a turn down of about seven hundred thousand people; calculations indicate that this decline is about one hundred people dying every hour; this has led to predictions that the country’s population by the year 2050 could be as low as one hundred and twenty million. It could also have an economic and geopolitical impact (Gordon, 2005). a) Causes of the population crisis The observed high mortality rate, short life expectancy and an increasing number of deaths from causes that are not natural; are the major factors contributing to the population decline in Russia. Russia’s number of deaths per 1,000 people is at 16, compared to Western Europe which is 5. Out of the 150,000 people who die in natural deaths, 46,000 are suicidal cases, 40,000 killed in road accidents, 36,000 murdered and 36,000 are as a result of alcohol poisoning. High abortion in Russia contributes to the low birth rate. However there is a great decline in abortion since the Soviet times when abortion was utilized as a method of birth control (Gordon, 2005). The official statistics survey indicates that there are 1. 6 million abortions in Russian women, which is higher than the birth rate. Generally, there is a low birth rate in the country attributed to high rates of alcoholism and economic hardship. Currently, Russia’s birth rate is 1. 34 children per woman of fertile age, which is less compared to the required 2. 14 children per woman. Additionally, the estimated life expectancy in Russia is about 58 years for men and 72 for women, thus thirty percent of the men population do not reach the beginning of their pension age (Gordon, 2005). Russian experts also suggest that the depopulation in the country is due to political and economic upheaval experienced in the country in the 1990s. Due to bad planning and implementing of liberal economic reforms, social insecurity was evident among the nationals and thus they sought to have fewer children. The rate of foreigners moving into Russia is low; little relocation is observed within the former republics of the Soviet Union. However the rate of movement of nationals outside Russia to Western Europe and other places is high and it’s usually for search of a better economic situation (Gordon, 2005). b) Management strategies In 2005, there was an increase in the number of births which was due to a large number of girls born in the 1970s-1980s who could bear children by then. Thus the birth rate can be stimulated, the maternal and infant mortality rates reduced. By enhancing the reproductive health and quality of the population, the population growth can be boosted. A new demographic development concept is essential for it will outline the national goals such as average increase of life expectancy in the nationals and increase in birth rate. Russia has a chronic occurrence of cardiac and oncological diseases. The average life expectancy can be boosted by six more years if an initiative is taken to reduce deaths that arise from such disorders (Gordon, 2005). 3. 0 Population growth in China and management strategies China is among the world’s top nations that experience a very large population with a relatively small youth cohort which is attributed to the People’s Republic of China’s one –child policy. Except for the population policies implemented in China in 1979, the current population in china would be reading at 1. 7 billion. It is recorded that china’s population in 1953 was 582 million; however by the year 2000, the population was twice as much, estimated at 1. 2 billion (Peng, & Guo, 2000). The first leaders in China believed that a large population was a great investment, yet, as the population grew rapidly it became a liability and this led to a mass campaign effort for birth control by the Ministry of Public health; though this was in vain. Again, a rapid population was experienced after the interval of the ‘Great Leap Forward’. In the 1960s, emphasis was laid on late marriage and in 1964; birth control offices were established in the central government and at the provincial level, contraceptives were used in family planning. This campaign was seen to be successful until the Cultural Revolution era (Peng, & Guo, 2000). In 1972 and 1973, birth control resources were distributed countrywide. At administrative and in various collective enterprises, committees were launched to ensure implementation of the birth control programs; both rural and urban areas were covered. Mao Zeodong who was behind the family planning movement died in 1976, and the government failed to acknowledge that economic growth and improved living standards are affected by the population growth. However, in the 1970s the fast growing population of China prompted the government to establish a limit in the number of children born; the highest suggested family size was two children in cities and three or four in the countryside (Peng, & Guo, 2000). Since 1979, the one-child policy that was widely in use. The policy had different guiding principles on national minorities and only one child was permitted to the married couples. The policy helped China to achieve its goal of stability and a fertility rate that was greatly reduced; an average of 5. 4 children per women was reported. Those who observed the one child program were rewarded by getting a one-child certificate that permitted them to get cash bonuses, better childcare, longer maternity leave and good housing allowances; and they were to pledge that they would not bear children anymore. The population in the rural areas however, determined the efficiency in the policy implementation program; since they accounted for 60% of the total population (Peng, & Guo, 2000). Studies indicate that coercive measures were used in order to make the one-child policy a success. The assumed methods included psychological pressure, use of physical force, and in some cases forcing abortions and infanticide. However, the government officials insisted that the family planning process was on voluntary basis and measures applied in implementing the programs were persuasive and economic based (Peng, & Guo, 2000). Between 1970 and 1980, there was a drop in the crude birth rate from 36. 9 per 1,000 to 17. 6 per 1000, which was due to â€Å"wan xi shao† birth control campaign,-late marriages, longer intervals between births and fewer children. In addition, the social and economic changes that had taken place, amongst which was the high level of employment of women in rural and urban areas and low mortality rate in infants, may have contributed to the aforementioned. Nonetheless, in the countryside, people valued large families, especially sons, for assistance in the fields and support during old age. This seems to have applied to the rest of China as a whole; there is a gender imbalance in China; the 2000 census report showed that 119 boys born of every 100 girls. The government was thus forced to ban the selective abortion for female fetuses in July 2004 (Peng, & Guo, 2000). 4. 0 Population growth in Western Europe Since the 1960s, there is a substantial decline in Western Europe’s population which is accredited to low fertility rates. By 1999, the total fertility rates had dropped so much; an average of 1. 45 was recorded in the fifteen European Union countries. A total fertility rate at 1. 5 is presently experienced by eight out of fifteen of the western European countries. However, there are immense disparity among these countries in terms of timing and the level of when the decline started as well and in the rate and decline duration. Socioeconomic and demographic factors have contributed to the differences in pattern of West European fertility levels. There are concerns pertaining to the imbalance of the population age structure, ability to maintain European welfare state systems and consistency in social affairs. This has les to the implementing of family policies in order to safeguard the nations’ populations (Caldwell et al. 2006). a) Management strategies i) Maternity protection: this was a step towards creating an opportunity for women to give birth because of the demand from employment, differences in gender and equality; protection of labor and regulation. The Western European countries thus introduced compulsory maternity leaves for women who are working. Other countries such as France introduced a policy in support of women in reconciling employment with motherhood. In Scandinavia, greater emphasis was put in leaves and protective labor legislation. The recommended maternity leave period is 14weeks; however it varies between 20weeks in Italy and 16-18 weeks being the common length in other countries (Caldwell et al. 2006). ii) Parental leave: the government has amended the parental leave regulations and different parental-leave schemes have been implemented. These leaves are available only to parents and they vary from one country to another. The benefits also vary significantly; in some countries they are either unpaid or given a low pay (Caldwell et al. 2006). iii) Childcare services: at the beginning of industrialization, childcare services were instituted to cater for the orphans and children who were unattended due since their mothers were working. However up to the 20th century, childcare services changed to charity education to promote social and individual development. The catholic institutions were pioneers in provision of this kind of service. Presently the services offered differ athwart the nations (Caldwell et al. 2006). iv) Child benefits: this system came up as wide array of policy intentions. Its major role was to cater families in need for instance widows who had children and divorced or single mothers. However these support systems vary in terms of services offered across the countries (Caldwell et al. 2006). 5. 0 Conclusion In Russia and Western Europe, population decline is the major crisis which is as a result of varied factors. Russia’ decline is caused by inappropriate standards of living and in Europe, the level of industrialization that has created working opportunities has denied women the chance to bear children, hence population decline. In China, the challenge is high population that is caused by uncontrolled popular growth. The future population in China is likely to face gender imbalance and besides it has an increasingly aging population. There is a limitation in the way services are offered in the family systems. A cross-national variation in family policies’ provisions and modalities is evident in Europe. Hence it is difficult to look into the effects of family policies on individual childbearing behavior in order to make a comparison between the countries. Some countries share fertility advances, and family policy systems. The countries in West Europe are clearly divided (Caldwell, et al. 2006). References: Peng, & X. , Guo, Z. (2000): The Changing Population of China, ISBN 0631201920, 9780631201922, Blackwell Publishing. Caldwell, B. K. , Caldwell, P. , Caldwell, J. C. , Caldwell, P. Schindlmayr, T. McDonald, P. F. (2006): Demographic Transition Theory. ISBN 1402043732, 9781402043734, Springer Gordon, E. E. (2005): The 2010 meltdown: solving the impending jobs crisis. ISBN 0275984362, 9780275984366, Greenwood Publishing Group

Year 11 Physics Assignment - 2811 Words

Notice of Assessment Task Preliminary Course in Physics Date of Initial notification: 1/2/2013 | Date of submissionTerm 1 Week 5 | Task Number: One – Research | Time Allowed:2 weeks | Weighting of Task: 15% | Course component / Focus area / Topic Module:Module1: The World Communicates | Task Description:The world communicates by making extensive use of the electromagnetic spectrum. For the average person this is commonly accessed using radio waves. These radio waves may be over the AM or FM radio wave bands or the radio waves that transmit our television signals. 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